While national wildlife refuges were created to protect wildlife, they are for people too. Others to conserve, protect, and enhance fish, wildlife, plants and No. Refuges are ideal places for people of all ages to explore and connect with the natural world. They occur only in Utah, having the smallest range of any prairie dog species. A "special rule" specifies the protections deemed necessary and advisable to provide for the conservation of the species. Utah prairie dogs range in color from cinnamon to clay, with dark markings above the eyes and white on the tip of the tail. The recovery strategy for the Utah prairie dog focuses on the need to address colony loss and disease through a program that encompasses threats abatement, population management, research, and monitoring. [2], Utah prairie dogs are mainly herbivores, but they sometimes choose small insects also, such as cicadas. Utah prairie dogs are only found in southwestern Utah and are listed as a threatened species under the Endangered Species Act. Distribution, abundance, & trends | Status | Recovery efforts | Recent actions & links | Archives | « Back to mammals | Open / close all. Hist., 6:1-549. Photo used with permission of Laura Romin. That Texas town was home to perhaps four hundred million prairie dogs. 53 pp.}. Breeding usually takes place in March and young are born in April after a 30 day gestation period. Prairie dogs tend to be celebrated for their larger ecological virtues. Their primary distinguishing characteristic is their coloration. Mammals of Utah. The Utah prairie dog had become endangered due to several factors. On June 1, 2011, we proposed to revise this special rule (76 FR 31906). 81 pp. [8] However, it was recorded that Utah prairie dogs existed as far north as Nephi, and south to Bryce Canyon National Park, and Aquarius Plateau to the east in 1920, but the number declined from the 1920s to 1970s by 87%, and this was thought due to human settlers who caused overgrazing of soil, thus catalyzed the invasion of shrub to the grass land. Utah Division of Wildlife Resources, Salt Lake City, UT.  The permit authorizes the take of no more than 600 acres of occupied Utah prairie dog habitat over a maximum 3-year period.   Most of the take is limited to already developed areas or those areas projected for development in the near future.  These areas do not serve to support current or future metapopulations and objectives for recovery of the species in the wild.  Mitigation for the incidental take would include a combination of translocations of Utah prairie dogs to other sites or payment of a mitigation fee to a Utah prairie dog conservation fund.Â. By Theodore G. Manno Photography by Elaine Miller Bond Foreword by John Hoogland. Prairie dogs (genus Cynomys) are herbivorous burrowing rodents native to the grasslands of North America.The five species are: black-tailed, white-tailed, Gunnison's, Utah, and Mexican prairie dogs. The species’ range is limited to the southwestern quarter of Utah. The Utah prairie dog currently occurs in three areas within southwestern Utah including Awapa Plateau, Paunsaugunt, and West Desert (Map). The program comprises 12 National Fish Hatcheries. Background. Most of the take is limited to already developed areas or those areas projected for development in the near future. Several non-governmental organizations petitioned the U.S. The total length of an adult Utah prairie dog is approximately 12-14 inches, the weight of an individual ranges from 1 to 3 pounds. The Utah prairie dog (Cynomys parvidens) is the smallest species of prairie dog, a member of the squirrel family of rodents native to the south central steppes of the US state of Utah. The largest adults reach lengths of about 14 in. Kansas Publ., Mus. Providing leadership in the conservation of migratory bird habitat through partnerships, grants, and outreach for present and future generations. [13] This is a major reason for the population decline, though there are other factors, such as "land development, deteriorating rangeland health, the encroachment of woody vegetation, sylvatic plague, and drought." Prairie dog Hunting, Utah, Spanish Fork, Utah. The Utah Prairie Dog is the western most of the five prairie dog species that inhabit North America. In the grasslands across the central and western United States, their intricate underground coloniescalled prairie dog townscreate shelter for jackrabbits, toads, and rattlesnakes. The largest recorded prairie dog town covered some 25,000 square miles. The Utah prairie dog (Cynomys parvidens), found only in southwestern and central Utah, was listed as an endangered species on June 4, 1973 (38 FR 14678). Fish and Wildlife Service had inflexibly forbidden the “take” of any Utah prairie dog—an exceedingly broad prohibition that even forbade moving prairie dogs from backyards, playgrounds, and the airport to public conservation lands. 93-16. The Utah prairie dog has a multicolored fur consisting of black, light brown and dark brown shades. Hoogland, J.L. In 1984, the species had thrived enough to be upgraded to "threatened" status under the Endangered Species Act. The Utah prairie dog is currently listed under the Endangered Species Act as threatened. [11], They build extensive "towns" of tunnels and chambers, each town composed of a population of members of an extended prairie dog family group called “clan”, and they forage from dawn to dusk. Black-tailed, Gunnison’s, and Utah prairie dogs all reproduce slowly. Permits |  Our recovery strategy for the Utah prairie dog focuses our attention on habitat loss and fragmentation and disease through a program that encompasses threats abatement, habitat protection, research, and monitoring.  Increasing and securing populations of the Utah prairie dog on public land is still an important component of the revised recovery plan.  However, the revised recovery plan also emphasizes conservation of the species on non-federal lands through programs with willing landowners, such as safe harbor agreements, conservation easements, and conservation banks.  Recovery of the species will be achieved more rapidly if we increase conservation of the species on these lands in a way that simultaneously benefits private landowners and Utah prairie dogs. Created in 1903 by President Theodore Roosevelt, today's National Wildlife Refuge System protects habitats and wildlife across the country, from the Alaskan tundra to subtropical wetlands. We completed a Final Revised Recovery Plan for the species in 2012, our first revision of the 1991 recovery plan. [12] The Utah prairie dog can do significant damage to farms by digging holes and eating crops, drawing the ire of Utah farmers, who have used poison liberally to destroy the animal. The Utah prairie dog is distinguished from other This final 4(d) rule will support our overall recovery efforts by allowing management of prairie dogs on agricultural lands and gaining local community support by addressing issues where prairie dogs cause human safety hazards or disturb the sanctity of human cultural or burial sites. The Utah prairie dog is the smallest species of prairie dog. Utah The Utah prairie dog is usually 30 to 36 cm in body length and weighs up to 1400 grams. [2], The total body length of typical adult ranges from 30.5 cm to 36.0 cm with 3 cm to 6 cm of tail. The Service solicits review and comment from the public on this draft revised plan. The Utah and the Mexican prairie dog are officially classified as endangered species. Journal of Mammalogy 82:917-927. The Office of Law Enforcement contributes to Service efforts to manage ecosystems, save endangered species, conserve migratory birds, preserve wildlife habitat, restore fisheries, combat invasive species, and promote international wildlife conservation. We are also including take exemptions for areas where Utah prairie dogs create serious human safety hazards or disturb the sanctity of significant human cultural or human burial sites. A prairie dog town is a busy place. In 1952, Durant noted that Utah prairie dogs have larger in every aspect of skull than that of Gunnison's prairie dog. Emergence of the pups usually occurs from mid to late May. Most other established provisions of the existing special rule not relating to these amendments remain unchanged. The revised plan describes actions considered necessary for the species’ recovery, establishes criteria for delisting, and estimates the time and cost for implementing recovery actions. Resources:    Unpublished report. Utah prairie dogs are diurnal, burrowing animals. Historically, Utah prairie dog colonies were found as far west as Pine and Buckskin Valleys in Beaver and Iron Counties, and may have occurred as far north as Nephi, southeast to Bryce Canyon National Park, east to the foothills of the Aquarius Plateau, and south to the northern borders of Kane and Washington Counties. They are rodents within the squirrel family and include five species--the Utah prairie dog, the white-tailed prairie dog, the black-tailed prairie dog, the Gunnison prairie dog, and the Mexican prairie dog. Plague outbreaks occur when a colony is overpopulated and there is increased stress on the individuals. J Mammal 84:1254–1266. We invite you to learn more about and visit the national wildlife refuges and wetland management districts in Colorado, Kansas, Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota, Utah, and Wyoming. The Utah prairie dog is currently listed under the Endangered Species Act as threatened. Utah prairie dog. 364 likes. Studies by the Utah Division of Wildlife Resources in spring 2004 reported 4,022 Utah prairie dogs, a number believed to reflect half of the total current population. For decades, the U.S. The Utah prairie dog is the westernmost of five prairie dog species in the US and is unfortunately the most threatened. The U.S. The Utah prairie dog was listed as an endangered species on June 4, 1973 (38 FR 14678), pursuant to the Endangered Species Conservation Act of 1969.  The species’ was downlisted to threatened in 1984 (49FR 22330).  The Utah prairie dog’s rangewide population has been stable to increasing over the last 30 years.   However, threats remain across the range of the Utah prairie dog including plague, urban expansion, over-grazing, cultivated agriculture, vegetation community changes, invasive plants, OHV and recreational uses, climate change, energy resource exploration and development, fire management, poaching, and predation.  These issues can be reduced to two overriding concerns:  permanent habitat loss and fragmentation (i.e. Fish & Wildlife Service Fish and Aquatic Conservation Program in the Mountain-Prairie Region helps conserve, protect, and enhance aquatic resources and provides economically valuable recreational fishing to anglers across the country. Most of the take is limited to already developed areas or those areas projected for development in the near future. In 1972, studies estimated a population of 3,300 Utah prairie dogs in 37 colonies. This burrowing member of the squirrel family occurs only in arid grasslands in southwestern Utah (Fig.l). As previously mentioned, By May 1984, Utah prairie dog populations had expanded in portions of their range, and we reclassified the species to threatened status with a special rule to allow regulated take of Utah prairie dogs (49 FR 22330).  Under the 1984 special rule, taking of up to 5,000 animals was authorized in the seasonal window of June 1 through December 31.  This special rule was amended on June 14, 1991 (56 FR 27438), to increase the amount of regulated take throughout the species’ range to 6,000 animals.  In practice, take of Utah prairie dogs in association with the 1984 and 1991 special rules is only permitted in cases where Utah prairie dogs are causing damage to irrigated agriculture or pasture lands, as implemented by the UDWR permitting process under authority of UDWR Rule R657-19 Taking Nongame Mammals.  We are in the process of revising the 1991 special rule to limit take to agricultural lands, properties adjacent to conservation lands, and areas where prairie dogs create human safety hazards or disturb the sanctity of significant human cultural or human burial sites (see Recovery Actions, below). Since 1973 it has been a regular feature on the endangered species list, though it was downgraded to ‘threatened’ in 1984 and populations continue to show signs of growth. The low-effect habitat conservation plan (HCP) would authorize incidental take of the federally threatened Utah prairie dog from translocations and residential, commercial, and industrial developments from the vicinity of the town of Panguitch, Utah. The Utah prairie dog is listed as “threatened” under the Endangered Species Act. Journal of Mammalogy, 94(4), 731-744. On April 25, 2012, we released to the public the final revised Utah Prairie Dog Recovery Plan (this updates the previous 1991 recovery plan). Utah prairie dog management returns to federal government. 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T6090A12420124.en, "Economic Incentives Can Save The Threatened Utah Prairie Dog", Mammalian Species account for Utah prairie dog, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Utah_prairie_dog&oldid=984680974, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 21 October 2020, at 13:30. A recovery plan for the Utah prairie dog was finalized in 1991.  The plan’s primary recovery criterion was to establish Utah prairie dog populations on public lands across three recovery areas: West Desert, Paunsaugunt, and Awapa Plateau.  In 1972, the UDWR initiated a translocation program to move Utah prairie dogs from private agricultural lands to areas of historical occupancy on public lands.  Translocations continued as a primary recovery action in the 1991 recover y plan.  Despite these efforts to establish new Utah prairie dog colonies on federal lands, over 70 percent of the Utah prairie dog population still occurs on private lands.   The plan emphasizes: conserving extant colonies, many of which occur on non-Federal lands; establishing additional colonies on Federal and non-Federal lands via habitat improvement or translocations; controlling the transmission of plague; and monitoring habitat conditions. Law enforcement is essential to virtually every aspect of wildlife conservation. Why do female prairie dogs copulate with more than one male?—Insights from long-term research. The Utah prairie dog, Cynomys parvidens, is a large burrowing rodent with short legs, a head and body length of about 12 in (30 cm), and a tail length of about 3.5 in (8.9 cm). The majority of prairie dogs (68% in 2018) occur on private lands, and The Utah prairie dog is the westernmost species of prairie dog. They build burrows on soils with adequate drain ability, and depth to protect themselves from predators and other environmental factors such as temperature. ENDANGERED | Utah prairie dog, Mexican prairie dog. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland. [2] Males are … Utah Prairie Dog (Cynomys parvidens) Photo Credit – Craig Bihrle. Natural Resource Damage Assessment & Restoration, Habitat and Population Evaluation Team (HAPET), Low-Effect Habitat Conservation Plan for the Utah Prairie Dog in Garfield County, Utah, Final Draft Low Effect Garfield County HCP, Final Low-effect Habitat conservation Plan for Utah Prairie Dog in Iron County, Utah, Low-effect Habitat Conservation Plan for Utah Prairie Dog in Iron County, Utah, Revising the Special Rule for the Utah Prairie Dog,  Service Finalizes New Rules Regarding Take Allowances for the Utah Prairie Dog, Revised Recovery Plan for the Utah Prairie Dog, Revising the Proposed Special Rule for the Utah Prairie Dog, Draft Revised Recovery Plan for Utah Prairie Dog, Draft Revised Recovery Plan for the Utah Prairie Dog Released for Public Review, Proposes to Amend Take Allowance for the Utah Prairie Dog, Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Revised 90-Day Finding on a Petition to Reclassify the Utah Prairie Dog from Threatened to Endangered, U.S. The Mountain-Prairie Region's Office of Ecological Services (ES) works to restore and protect healthy populations of fish, wildlife, and plants and the environments upon which they depend. The previous special rule which was established in 1984 and amended in 1991. The recovery priority number for the Utah prairie dog is 8C (see Table 1).  Recovery priority numbers, which range from a high of 1C to a low of 18, are based on degree of threat, recovery potential, taxonomic distinctiveness, and presence of an actual or imminent conflict between the species and development activities (C represents conflict).  The rank of 8C is based on a moderate degree of threat (e.g., economic development activities and plague), a high degree of controversy regarding the species and its recovery, high recovery potential, and taxonomic standing as a species. Bryce Canyon National Park reintroduced the Utah Prairie Dog to park meadows from 1974 through 1988 and is the only National Park Service unit where they occur. Univ. 2003b. [5], Utah prairie dogs prefer swale land area with abundant herbaceous plants. We believe the Utah prairie dog is a very recoverable species.  We will need a lot of assistance from partners to implement recovery actions in a manner that leads the species’ to recovery goals.  In this regard, the Utah Prairie Dog Recovery Implementation Program (UPDRIP or “Program”) is a public private partnership to coordinate the recovery of the Utah prairie dog while balancing and accommodating land uses and needs of the human population throughout the species range.  The UPDRIP partnership includes representatives from the USFWS, Utah Department of Natural Resources (UDNR), USFS, BLM, Natural Resources Conservation Service, NPS, UDWR, School and Institutional Trust Lands Administration (SITLA), Iron County, Garfield County, Wayne County, Piute County, Utah Farm Bureau, Panoramaland Resource Conservation and Development Council, Color Country Resource Conservation and Development Council, local municipalities, and environmental interests. An Important Species largely from commercial and residential development), and plague.   Many species, like black-footed ferrets, use their burrows as homes. The Utah Prairie Dog Oversight Group (UPDOG) formerly known as UPDRIP (Utah Prairie Dog Recovery Implementation Program) establishes a multi-agency cooperative effort intended to implement the USFWS Recovery Plan and the State's Utah Prairie Dog Management Plan for Non-federal Lands by coordinating and facilitating the recovery of the Utah prairie dog while balancing and accommodating … Collier, G.D. 1975. The revised recovery plan also emphasizes research and management of plague in Utah prairie dog colonies.  Plague is caused by a bacterium (Yersinia pestis) not native to North America.  Fleas are the most common vectors.  Plague occurs across the entire range of the Utah prairie dog and has the potential to result in complete loss or severe reduction in prairie dog colonies across the landscape.  Management measures to control plague outbreaks (i.e., vaccines, insecticides) are being studied and their success may influence long term Utah prairie dog conservation on both federal and non-federal lands.  [1], The Utah prairie dog is listed as a threatened species by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service. From 1985 through 2009, the total estimated range-wide population (including juveniles) ranged from 23,752 to 54,195 animals, with an average population of 34,279. The Utah Prairie Dog has been federally listed under the Endangered Species Act since 1973 and is protected as a threatened species. Mitigation for the incidental take would include a combination of translocations of Utah prairie dogs to other sites or payment of a mitigation fee to a Utah prairie dog conservation fund. The Utah prairie dog's diet is composed of flowers, seeds, grasses, leaves, and even insects. Prairie dogs are considered a “keystone” species because their colonies create islands of habitat that benefit approximately 150 other species. A. Chapman, eds.). Photo: Rick Bowmer/Associated Press 2001. The mission of the U.S. These rodents have patches of dark brown colored fur. {Turner, B. Mamm Spec 52:1–3, Wright-Smith, M.A. Overall, the revised recovery plan emphasizes: conserving extant colonies, many of which occur on non-Federal lands; establishing additional colonies on Federal and non-Federal lands via habitat improvement or translocations; controlling the transmission of plague; and monitoring habitat conditions.  Examples of proposed recovery actions include continuing Utah prairie dog annual surveys and population monitoring; conserving prairie dog habitat on non-federal lands by purchasing conservation easements and establishing voluntary conservation agreements (e.g., safe harbor agreements) with willing landowners; protecting and improving habitat on federal lands by implementing vegetation treatments and minimizing impacts of proposed land use activities; minimizing impacts of disease such as plague; continuing the translocation of Utah prairie dogs to establish new colonies in suitable habitats; and developing a more comprehensive public outreach effort to promote a better understanding of the biological and habitat values of the Utah prairie dog. 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